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Types of well pump: which one fits your well?

Choose Submersible pump for a well casing at least 4 inches in diameter (some submersible pumps fit wells 3 inches in diameter); Shallow-well jet pump for water less than 25 feet below the surface; Deep-well jet pump for water 25 to 250 feet below the surface.

The right choice depends on how far below the surface the water is, the diameter of the well casing, and whether the pump can sit where it needs no frost protection.

How we know: By . · Sources read: 22 October 2026 · Updated 27 October 2026

University of Nebraska–Lincoln Extension (2012): "The type of pump selected depends on the depth of the groundwater, the distribution system, the pressure required"
TypeBest forMain advantagesMain drawbacks
Submersible pumpa well casing at least 4 inches in diameter (some submersible pumps fit wells 3 inches in diameter)does not need frost protection, since it is located below the frost line; quiet, per Connecticut Department of Public Health well conference slides (2018)if repairs are needed, the pump must be pulled from the well
Shallow-well jet pumpwater less than 25 feet below the surfacesits above ground, so it is easy to access for repairs; can be located a distance from the wellrequires frost protection; must be primed (filled with water) when first started; noisy compared to a submersible, per Connecticut Department of Public Health well conference slides (2018)
Deep-well jet pumpwater 25 to 250 feet below the surfacemay be used in wells that are 3 inches or less in diameter; the pump can be located a distance from the wellthe jet sits in the well and must be removed from the well for service; jet pumps typically give less operating pressure and less water yield than submersible pumps

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If your priority is...
PriorityChoose
water less than 25 feet below the surfaceShallow-well jet pump
water 25 to 250 feet below the surfaceDeep-well jet pump
a well casing at least 4 inches in diameterSubmersible pump
a pump that needs no frost protectionSubmersible pump

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