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For homeowners

Which water heater type should you plan a replacement around?

For standby thermal loss: Gas tankless suits avoiding standby thermal loss, as described by DOE (2015). The right choice depends on standby heat loss, start-up delay, variation in heat pump performance, and solar preheat water temperature.

How we know: By . · Sources read: 23 October 2026 · Updated 27 October 2026

TypeBest forMain advantagesMain drawbacks
Gas storageno official source names oneDOE (2015): "Storage water heaters maintain a reservoir of heated water available at all times, resulting in instantaneous delivery of hot water."DOE (2015): "Maintaining the hot water reservoir comes at the expense of standby losses attributed to tank losses …"
Electric storageno official source names oneDOE (2015), electric storage conversion: "nearly 100% efficient at converting input energy to stored heat"DOE (2015): "Regardless of hot water demand, standby energy losses occur with storage water heaters."
Gas tanklessavoiding standby thermal loss, as described by DOE (2015)no official source names oneDOE (2015): "Tankless units also experience a time delay in delivering hot water due to start-up sequences, especially if the heat exchanger has fully cooled off …"
Heat pump water heaterno official source names oneno official source names oneDOE (2015): "The performance of HPWHs can vary significantly depending on a number of factors."
Solar thermalno official source names oneno official source names oneDOE (2015): "Storage systems interface well with solar systems, although condensing appliances may not operate at expected condensing efficiencies if water temperatures are too high."

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