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What is a sprinkler?

A landscape sprinkler is a device that sends irrigation water through a nozzle onto plants. A spray sprinkler combines a body connected to piping with a nozzle that distributes water. EPA’s ASABE/ICC 802-based guidance distinguishes the parts; specify both when discussing a sprinkler replacement.

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What this means for your home project

  1. Look for brown spots despite scheduled watering, then inspect whether sprinkler coverage reaches those spots. Source: University of California IPM, read 2026-11-04.
  2. Identify low heads with obstructed flow and request that they be raised to clear the obstruction. Source: University of California IPM, read 2026-11-04.
  3. Request a written head-selection scope listing the pressure, flow and coverage area used to select the heads. Source: Washington State University, read 2026-11-04.
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What is the difference between a rotor and a spray sprinkler?

Rotor sprinkler bodies drive nozzle rotation; spray sprinkler bodies do not. EPA (read 2026-11-06)’s November 2022 technical background describes rotor bodies as having "components that drive the rotation". The distinction concerns machinery inside the body, rather than simply whether water is discharged through a nozzle. (source)

“Gear-driven rotor sprinkler bodies (“rotor sprinklers” in Figure 4) have components that drive the rotation of the nozzle or orifice during operation; spray sprinkler bodies do not have these components.” (source)

What is a nozzle in a sprinkler system?

A spray sprinkler nozzle is the water-distributing component paired with the body. EPA (read 2026-11-06) calls the nozzle "a component of a sprinkler" and explains that bodies and nozzles are commonly sold separately. The body connects to the irrigation piping and houses the nozzle. (source)

“A spray sprinkler nozzle is a component of a sprinkler used for landscape irrigation.” (source) “Most commonly, spray sprinkler nozzles and bodies are sold separately, though in retail settings, the two products can be sold together.” (source) “The sprinkler body is the exterior shell that connects to the irrigation system piping and houses the spray nozzle that applies water on the landscape.” (source)

Why are sprinkler heads misting or fogging?

Sprinkler misting can occur when pressure exceeds the nozzle’s recommendation. EPA (read 2026-11-04) links that condition to "misting, fogging, and uneven coverage" as well as excessive flow. The relevant comparison is the irrigation pressure against the recommendation for that particular nozzle. (source)

“Landscape irrigation sprinklers are often installed at sites where the system pressure is higher than what is recommended for the sprinkler nozzle.” (source) “This can lead to excessive flow rates, misting, fogging, and uneven coverage.” (source)

How do I know which sprinkler head to buy?

Spray sprinkler selection can include a WaterSense labeled body with integral pressure regulation. EPA (read 2026-11-04) describes its function as providing "a constant flow at the sprinkler nozzle". EPA’s performance discussion also identifies ASABE/ICC 802 as the consensus standard used in developing its specification. (source)

“WaterSense labeled spray sprinkler bodies with integral pressure regulation can reduce water waste by providing a constant flow at the sprinkler nozzle.” (source) “EPA held off for several years on developing a specification until the industry developed a consensus-based ASABE/ICC 802 standard that it could reference that would address product performance and testing.” (source)

Why do I have brown or dry spots in my lawn?

Brown spots despite scheduled watering call for a sprinkler coverage inspection, according to UC IPM (read 2026-11-04). Low heads can obstruct water, while broken or clogged heads may need repair or replacement. UC advises raising low heads so "water flow is not obstructed". (source)

“If you are watering according to schedule, yet have brown spots, check to see that your sprinkler system has uniform coverage.” (source) “Raise low sprinkler heads so that water flow is not obstructed.” (source) “Repair or replace broken or clogged sprinkler heads that are preventing the flow of water to all areas of your lawn.” (source)

What factors affect sprinkler system installation costs?

Sprinkler head selection adds specific design inputs to the installation scope. Washington State University (read 2026-11-04) identifies "operating pressure, flow rate, and area" as the inputs that determine the heads. Request those inputs in the written sprinkler selection; this evidence supports scope planning rather than a price estimate. (source)

“The sprinkler heads depend on your system’s operating pressure, flow rate, and area that you want covered.” (source)

Sources

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